Rwanda
Aloys N.
Type of liability
Personne physique
Alleged perpetrator(s)
Aloys N.
Nationality of alleged perpetrator(s)
Rwandan
Legal classification of crime(s)
Crimes against humanity
Source of the complaint
Article 40 CCP
Ongoing proceedings
oui
Regime
1 - TPIY/TPIR
Summary of facts
When the genocide against the Tutsi begins, in April 1994, Aloys N. is head of military intelligence, the “G2”. The former gendarmerie colonel was the subject of arrest warrants issued by the ICTR because, according to an order of August 1997, he allegedly “himself gave orders to soldiers of the Rwandan Armed Forces to exterminate all Tutsi and Hutu accomplices.”
Having taken refuge in Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo) after the genocide, Aloys N. then took part in the creation of the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), of which he became a major general during the Second Congo War, in 1998.
This armed group, known for its numerous abuses in the east of the country, is still active and was designated “for sanctions” by the UN in 2012.
Amnesty International France recalls that everyone is presumed innocent until proven guilty according to law.
Legal proceedings
</span></span><span class="TextRun Highlight MacChromeBold SCXW56602069 BCX0" lang="FR-FR" xml:lang="FR-FR" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW56602069 BCX0">In 2006: he reportedly arrived in France.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW56602069 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"335551550":6,"335551620":6}"><br />
</span>In 2015: the Nantes Administrative Court of Appeal refuses to issue a visa to Aloys N. <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW18922739 BCX0">because he is suspected of having “taken no action to stop the massacres</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW18922739 BCX0">”.<br />
</span>July 25, 2020: <span class="TextRun Highlight MacChromeBold SCXW192723631 BCX0" lang="FR-FR" xml:lang="FR-FR" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW192723631 BCX0">The</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW192723631 BCX0"> PNAT opens a preliminary investigation against </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW192723631 BCX0">Aloys</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW192723631 BCX0">N.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW192723631 BCX0"> for “crimes against humanity”</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW192723631 BCX0"></span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW192723631 BCX0"></span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW192723631 BCX0"></span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW192723631 BCX0" lang="FR-FR" xml:lang="FR-FR" data-contrast="auto"> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW192723631 BCX0">following</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW192723631 BCX0"> revelations made</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW192723631 BCX0"></span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW192723631 BCX0"> by Médiapart the day before about his presence in France.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW192723631 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"335551550":6,"335551620":6}"> The CPCR joins as a civil party.<br />
</span>August 17, 2020: OFPRA refuses him refugee status <span class="TextRun Highlight MacChromeBold SCXW3728974 BCX0" lang="FR-FR" xml:lang="FR-FR" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW3728974 BCX0">on the grounds that there are serious reasons to believe </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW3728974 BCX0">that </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW3728974 BCX0">Aloys</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW3728974 BCX0">N. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW3728974 BCX0">allegedly committed “war crimes” and “crimes against humanity”</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW3728974 BCX0"></span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW3728974 BCX0"></span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW3728974 BCX0"></span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW3728974 BCX0" lang="FR-FR" xml:lang="FR-FR" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW3728974 BCX0">.</span></span><br />
<span class="TextRun SCXW40571210 BCX0" lang="FR-FR" xml:lang="FR-FR" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW40571210 BCX0">August 25, 2020: Rwanda issues an </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW40571210 BCX0"></span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW40571210 BCX0">international arrest warrant against </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW40571210 BCX0">Aloys</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW40571210 BCX0">N</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW40571210 BCX0">.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW40571210 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"335551550":6,"335551620":6}"><br />
</span>In September 2021: the CNDA upholds OFPRA’s decision.</p>
Complaint
Names of NGOs / Victim(s)
Legal basis for jurisdiction (article)
Court of Assizes judgment
Court of Appeal ruling
Court of Cassation ruling
Sources
Le Monde, « Génocide des Tutsi au Rwanda : des procès majeurs en attente en France »
Mediapart, « Génocide des Tutsis : Ntiwiragabo, le colonel sans papiers toléré en France », 2022